The Process Of Unification Occurred Over A 100 Year Period

The process of unification occurred over a 100 year period, and was spurred on by a number of individuals, both Italians such as Cavour and Crispi and foreigners such as napoleon the III. There were, however, different stages of unification throughout the entire process. The actions of each key individual must be assessed within each stage they influenced and how their actions affected unification in a positive or negative way. The first stage of unification was 1800 to 1815, where Napoleon I was the primary mover. He made a huge number of changes such as changing ruling dynasties , simplifying trade boundaries, and most importantly, establishing his ‘Code Napoleon’ as law. Mack Smith argues that these reforms made Italy change†¦show more content†¦It can therefore be concluded that the advancements Napoleon made were only short term and he intended to just create a satellite of France, and giving the Italians too much of a unification spirit would have made them too strong. However, he did have a long-term political significance; he for political unity and inadvertently encouraged the Italians’ dislike of foreigners through his enforced conscription policies, which encouraged a sense of nationalism for the first time. The next stage was 1815 to 1849, involving primarily the Austrian Chancellor Prince Clemens von Metternich and the Italian political idealist Giuseppe Mazzini. They had an almost symbiotic relationship, ether justifying the others existence. This is argued by Sarti who implies Mazzini and Metternich helped unification through their hatred of each other; Mazzini served as the ideologist and Metternich the oppressor, each justified the other’s involvement in italy. Berkley says that there was â€Å"truth in Metternich’s thousand-times reiterated assertion that he was defending law and order† because if Mazzini’s revolutions had been successful, â€Å"there would have been bloodshed and utter anarchy † . It is certainly

Social Anxiety And Its Effects On The World - 1738 Words

There are a wide range of fears and phobia that plague the populations of the world, most being specific to certain things or situations. Social anxiety is listed differently in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), with criteria almost identical to those of social phobia with the exception that the fear be out of proportion in frequency and/or duration (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Its symptoms range from blushing and profuse sweating to heart palpitations and panic attacks. Social anxiety is one of the top psychological problems in the United States and still widely misunderstood despite the large number of people affected by it. Different levels of anxiety at different stages in a person’s life has led to the proposal of many theories, and the search for where social anxiety may begin to sprout in someone’s life. Adolescence and puberty have been targeted for study by psychologist as key periods in development. Depression in adolescence is common but widely unrecognized worldwide. The encumbrance is highest in low-income and middle-income countries. Depression is associated with substantial present and future morbidity, and heightens suicide peril. The most vigorous risk factors for melancholy in adolescents are a family history of depression and exposure to psychosocial stress. Inherited peril, develop phrenic factors, sex hormones, and psychosocial adversity interact to increment risk through hormonal factors and associatedShow MoreRelatedVideo Game Reduces Social Anxiety901 Words   |  4 PagesVideo Game Reduces Social Anxiety Whether it is in a real world or cyber space, meeting people seems to be an almost inevitable part of modern daily life. Meeting or interacting with new people can be stressful. When people encounter a stranger, they try to avoid or reduce it by getting as much information as possible in the course of the conversation or interaction. There is an average of two gamers in each game-playing U.S household as shown in the research of ESA Entertainment Software AssociationRead MoreEffectiveness of Music Therapy Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesMusic is composed of sounds intertwined with melody and rhythm that can have powerful effects on a person. It can help people focus on tasks or calm the mind. Research has shown that music has beneficial effects on the mind, body, and health of a person. A journal article by Rastogi, Solanki, and Zafar (2013) refers, on the contrary, to: ‘Controlled use of music and its influence on the human being in physiological, psychological, and emotional integration of the individual during treatment of anRead MoreCognitive Bias Modification On Anxiety And Depression1744 Words   |  7 Pagespractice and process of modifying perceptive biases in people who do not suffer from psychological issues .This is part of a growing area of psychological therapies for anxiety, depression as well as other mental health disorders. Hallion Ruscio (2011), produced a meta-analysis on the effect of cognitive bias modification on anxiety and depression. This played a crucial role in the maintenance of such conditions. CBM is a technique that uses dot probe training to encourage maladaptive or cognitiveRead MoreSociological Imagination: Generalized Anxiety Disorder1536 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Anxiety is the signal of danger which mobilizes the human organism’s resources at all levels of functioning in the interests of conserv ation, defense, and self- preservation.† (Anxiety 1) If a person suffers from anxiety there is a major loss of control and then an attempt to regain that control because of a fear that they have. Anxiety disorders are one of the most frequently occurring mental disorders in the United States. However, anxiety disorders are not only found in the United States. TheyRead MoreEssay Adolescent Internet Addiction 1631 Words   |  7 Pagesessential to today’s world with the availability of all types of information found at the click of a computer mouse. For adolescents the internet can help with schoolwork, but it also provides a platform for communication and entertainment with the world. Because relationships, information and gaming are readily available, it is possible for adolescents to become addicted to the internet and what it offers. The desire to be connected to the internet can inhibit an adolescent’s social, school and personalRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress At A Workplace1503 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay examines the impact of stress at a workplace. Stress has turned into a swarming highlight of individuals life in cutting edge world. The present day world which is said to be a universe of accomplishments is additionally a universe of stress. Stress is all over, whether it is in the family, business association, venture, organization or some other social or monetary movement. Right from conception till death, an individual is perpetually presented to different unpleasant circumstances. Read MoreMental Illness : A Mental Disorder1033 Words   |  5 Pageswere insane and in need of an asylum. Living with a mental illness is difficult because people tend to feel alone in the world. It truly is a sad and desperate feeling. Sometimes, it even seems to be the worst feeling in the world. Anxious feelings, or anxiety disorders, are a type of mental illnesses amongst others. Millions of people all around the world suffer from anxiety dis orders. This disorder is an extremely common mental illnesses. These disorders create terrifying feelings in a person.Read MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society1596 Words   |  7 Pagespeople lives today, but one can choose how to use it. For instance, positive effects that technology contributes to increased communication, speediness of work and fast access to information. In contrast, negative effects that technology contributes to are decreased in human social behavior, education and health risk. Although, technology can play a positive and negative role in one’s life, one must consider the negative effects seriously because health is important in many people lives. In the articleRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1644 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s day in age almost everyone has some form of social media. Many people have more than one. Whether it is Facebook, Twitter or some other form. We all use it to express and communicate our thoughts and feelings about ourselves and the world. Because of this many people do not know how to communicate face to face anymore and many times even hide behind their keyboard. Keller (2013), Quotes Paul Booth an assistant professor of media and cinema studies saying â€Å"There has been a shift in theRead MoreEssay on Social Phobia Disorder1149 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Phobia Social phobia is a kind of disorder, which involves fear regarding societal situations and accomplishable destructive criticism. Social phobia is the greatest general psychiatric problem in epidemiological examination, with estimation of life time occurrence in western circle as more as 16%. Common phobia generally come out in adolescence and is associated with deep distress, destruction and comorbid problem. Females in clinical trials are higher possible than males to social anxiety

Six Characters In Search Of Author Essay Example For Students

Six Characters In Search Of Author Essay Pirandellos masterpiece, Six Characters in Search of an Author iswell known for its innovative techniques of characterization, especially in thefullness of character as exhibited by the Stepdaughter and the Father, but it isespecially renowned, and rightfully so, for the brilliant staging techniquesemployed by its author. Pirandello uses his innovative staging techniquesspecifically to symbolize, within the confines of the theater, the blending ofthe theater and real life. Chief among these, of course, is the way in which theauthor involves the audience in his production, to the point which, like amedieval audience, they become part of the action, and indeed, a character inits own right. The use of lines provided in the playbill was the first of itskind; never before had an author dared to ask the members of the audience toperform, even though unpaid, and indeed, paying for the experience themselves. But without those lines, how much less impressive would that moment be when theDirector, understandably at the end of his rope with the greedy characters (whohave been from the start trying to coerce him into writing a script fornon-union wages), shouts Reality! Fantasy! Who needs this! What does thismean? and the audience, in unison, shouts back, Its us! Werehere! The moment immediately after that, when the whole cast laughsdirectly at the audience, pointing at them in glee, is nearly unbearable for anaudience, as shown by the riot after the first performance, when the audiencenot only ripped the seats out of the theater, but stole the popcorn. Pirandelloalso used a technique he inherited from the Cirque de Soleil,involving a trapeze hung from the catwalk. But though the trapeze was not initself his own invention, its use during the intermission as a means to annoythe audience was absolutely innovative. He had gotten the idea from watching theinhabitants at the mental institution in Switzerland where his wife wasrecuperating from a Venetian holiday. The Swiss hospital, renowned for itsexperimentation, had started a program of gymnastics, meant to boost thepatients self-esteem. The Stepdaughters foray above the audiences heads,during the intermission, is a direct reflection of that Swisstechnique; no one before Pirandello had dared to use it in the theater before,but it not only symbolized neatly the problems with defining reality inherent inthe text, but kept the audience from actually getting a rest during theintermission, since they couldnt tell when it started and began. Last, thoughstill important, would be Pirandellos nod to Brecht, with his medieval circularstaging. With the voices of the Actors, the Director, and the Characters comingat them from all sides, and with the members of the cast actually clamberingover the audience members as if they (or indeed their seats) were not there,Pirandello masterfully tied the audience members inextricably in to the action,bringing home the meaning. For the main truth of Pirandellos play is that notonly is there no difference between art and reality, there is no reality, orperhaps more specifically, no art, at all, and indeed, no members of the castanymore than there are members of the audience. In the final analysis, the onlydifference between the cast members in Pirandellos play and the members of hisaudience is that one paid to get in and the other got hired.

THE 12 STEP APPROACH TO ALCOHOL ABUSE

THE 12 STEP APPROACH TO ALCOHOL ABUSE-DEPENDENCY, Essay THE 12 STEP APPROACH TO ALCOHOL ABUSE-DEPENDENCY, Essay AS AN ADJUNCT TO THERAPY AND GENERAL COUNSELLING In our rapidly growing world there are increasing demands on time for traditional client counselling and therapy. Consequently it necessitates therapists finding other methods and tools for helping clients to manage their problems. There are a large number of 12 step programs available that can give this ongoing support and lifelong maintenance. They can assist people to find a spiritual centre from which to grow as individuals and help others. We will write a custom essay on THE 12 STEP APPROACH TO ALCOHOL ABUSE-DEPENDENCY, specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now These 12 step programs can act as a useful tool along with medication, support and treatment when available, helping clients to work towards new significance and achievement in their lives. The original 12-step program, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) was started in 1935 and has developed to be the most widely used organization for the treatment of alcoholism and substance abuse. There are over 2,000,000 members in 134 countries worldwide (Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, 1990). AA has had a major impact in shaping western societys view of addiction. The treatment philosophy of AA has changed how many people view themselves, their substance use and abuse, and the roles played by the people around them. The success of AA has led to the establishment of a range of 12-step support groups for other dependencies such as gambling, drug addiction, eating disorders, etc, and for people having problems coping with these people as partners, relatives or friends. Hester ; Miller (1995) state that with the plethora of self help groups styled on the 12 step model, a practitioner treating a person with an addiction problem would benefit from information to guide the selection of a 12 step group that is most likely to be of benefit to a particular client. As researchers they acknowledge evaluation studies positive findings and benefits of 12-step attendance. AA provides the individual with a setting in which experiences of like-minded people can be shared and trust can be established. Members exchange stories of what is was like, what happened and what it is like now. This allows for identification of the problem, an acknowledgement that a change is needed and what usually promotes this change. It also gives a person listening, hope that they too can make similar positive changes. The proof of this is seen in the person who is sharing their story. It is not just an hypothetical proposition being put forward by a therapist. AA members are there for their own recognition of a need for support; and at the same time are available for the support of newer and other members who may be experiencing difficulties. All of this support is offered in an unconditional sense, which may be the first time in their life that a person has actually experienced unconditional positive regard. AA meetings are easily accessible; there is no screening of members, the service is free and the only basic requirement for membership is for a desire to stop drinking. AA assists in diminishing feelings of isolation (Talbott, 1990). The idea of assistance in AA originated with its founding members Bill Wilson and Bob Smith. Out of their friendship and support for each other came the AA philosophy that one member can be of aid to another during periods of stress (Kurtz, 1988). AA provides support to its members in distress by direct support through sponsors. Each member has the opportunity of seeking a sponsor member, who is usually some person who has made progress through the program and can offer support and assistance. Sponsors have been found to be a great help in the recovery process, especially in the initial stages. (Fagan, 1986). .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .postImageUrl , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:hover , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:visited , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:active { border:0!important; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:active , .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65 .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u08f210f96b7afa9194749bc3a8b64e65:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Euthanasia4 EssayAA supports a model of alcoholism known as a disease model although some members refer to it as a dis-ease model. Throughout the big-book of AA (Alcoholics Anonymous, 1976), reference is continually made to alcoholism as being a three-fold disease, physical, mental and spiritual. This is consistent with the World Heath Organisations model of alcoholism as being a bio-psycho-social syndrome. In so doing AA is addressing a holistic eclectic model of the problem, which allows for its members to see the need for personal acknowledgement and the requirement for change, in all these areas. In addressing .